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#
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# An Introduction to Tkinter
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#
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# Copyright (c) 1997 by Fredrik Lundh
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#
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# This copyright applies to Dialog, askinteger, askfloat and asktring
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#
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# fredrik@pythonware.com
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# http://www.pythonware.com
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#
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"""This modules handles dialog boxes.
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It contains the following public symbols:
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SimpleDialog -- A simple but flexible modal dialog box
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Dialog -- a base class for dialogs
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askinteger -- get an integer from the user
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askfloat -- get a float from the user
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askstring -- get a string from the user
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"""
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from tkinter import *
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from tkinter import messagebox, _get_default_root
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class SimpleDialog:
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def __init__(self, master,
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text='', buttons=[], default=None, cancel=None,
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title=None, class_=None):
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if class_:
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self.root = Toplevel(master, class_=class_)
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else:
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self.root = Toplevel(master)
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if title:
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self.root.title(title)
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self.root.iconname(title)
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_setup_dialog(self.root)
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self.message = Message(self.root, text=text, aspect=400)
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self.message.pack(expand=1, fill=BOTH)
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self.frame = Frame(self.root)
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self.frame.pack()
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self.num = default
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self.cancel = cancel
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self.default = default
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self.root.bind('<Return>', self.return_event)
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for num in range(len(buttons)):
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s = buttons[num]
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b = Button(self.frame, text=s,
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command=(lambda self=self, num=num: self.done(num)))
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if num == default:
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b.config(relief=RIDGE, borderwidth=8)
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b.pack(side=LEFT, fill=BOTH, expand=1)
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self.root.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', self.wm_delete_window)
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self._set_transient(master)
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def _set_transient(self, master, relx=0.5, rely=0.3):
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widget = self.root
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widget.withdraw() # Remain invisible while we figure out the geometry
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widget.transient(master)
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widget.update_idletasks() # Actualize geometry information
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if master.winfo_ismapped():
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m_width = master.winfo_width()
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m_height = master.winfo_height()
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m_x = master.winfo_rootx()
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m_y = master.winfo_rooty()
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else:
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m_width = master.winfo_screenwidth()
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m_height = master.winfo_screenheight()
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m_x = m_y = 0
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w_width = widget.winfo_reqwidth()
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w_height = widget.winfo_reqheight()
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x = m_x + (m_width - w_width) * relx
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y = m_y + (m_height - w_height) * rely
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if x+w_width > master.winfo_screenwidth():
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x = master.winfo_screenwidth() - w_width
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elif x < 0:
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x = 0
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if y+w_height > master.winfo_screenheight():
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y = master.winfo_screenheight() - w_height
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elif y < 0:
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y = 0
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widget.geometry("+%d+%d" % (x, y))
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widget.deiconify() # Become visible at the desired location
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def go(self):
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self.root.wait_visibility()
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self.root.grab_set()
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self.root.mainloop()
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self.root.destroy()
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return self.num
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def return_event(self, event):
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if self.default is None:
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self.root.bell()
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else:
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self.done(self.default)
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def wm_delete_window(self):
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if self.cancel is None:
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self.root.bell()
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else:
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self.done(self.cancel)
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def done(self, num):
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self.num = num
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self.root.quit()
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class Dialog(Toplevel):
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'''Class to open dialogs.
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This class is intended as a base class for custom dialogs
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'''
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def __init__(self, parent, title = None):
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'''Initialize a dialog.
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Arguments:
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parent -- a parent window (the application window)
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title -- the dialog title
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'''
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master = parent
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if not master:
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master = _get_default_root('create dialog window')
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Toplevel.__init__(self, master)
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self.withdraw() # remain invisible for now
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# If the parent is not viewable, don't
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# make the child transient, or else it
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# would be opened withdrawn
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if parent is not None and parent.winfo_viewable():
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self.transient(parent)
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if title:
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self.title(title)
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_setup_dialog(self)
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self.parent = parent
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self.result = None
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body = Frame(self)
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self.initial_focus = self.body(body)
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body.pack(padx=5, pady=5)
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self.buttonbox()
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if not self.initial_focus:
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self.initial_focus = self
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self.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.cancel)
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if parent is not None:
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self.geometry("+%d+%d" % (parent.winfo_rootx()+50,
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parent.winfo_rooty()+50))
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self.deiconify() # become visible now
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self.initial_focus.focus_set()
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# wait for window to appear on screen before calling grab_set
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self.wait_visibility()
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self.grab_set()
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self.wait_window(self)
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def destroy(self):
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'''Destroy the window'''
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self.initial_focus = None
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Toplevel.destroy(self)
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#
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# construction hooks
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def body(self, master):
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'''create dialog body.
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return widget that should have initial focus.
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This method should be overridden, and is called
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by the __init__ method.
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'''
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pass
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def buttonbox(self):
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'''add standard button box.
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override if you do not want the standard buttons
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'''
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box = Frame(self)
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w = Button(box, text="OK", width=10, command=self.ok, default=ACTIVE)
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w.pack(side=LEFT, padx=5, pady=5)
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w = Button(box, text="Cancel", width=10, command=self.cancel)
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w.pack(side=LEFT, padx=5, pady=5)
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self.bind("<Return>", self.ok)
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self.bind("<Escape>", self.cancel)
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box.pack()
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#
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# standard button semantics
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def ok(self, event=None):
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if not self.validate():
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self.initial_focus.focus_set() # put focus back
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return
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self.withdraw()
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self.update_idletasks()
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try:
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self.apply()
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finally:
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self.cancel()
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def cancel(self, event=None):
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# put focus back to the parent window
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if self.parent is not None:
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self.parent.focus_set()
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self.destroy()
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#
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# command hooks
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def validate(self):
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'''validate the data
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This method is called automatically to validate the data before the
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dialog is destroyed. By default, it always validates OK.
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'''
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return 1 # override
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def apply(self):
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'''process the data
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This method is called automatically to process the data, *after*
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the dialog is destroyed. By default, it does nothing.
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'''
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pass # override
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def _setup_dialog(w):
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if w._windowingsystem == "aqua":
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w.tk.call("::tk::unsupported::MacWindowStyle", "style",
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w, "moveableModal", "")
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elif w._windowingsystem == "x11":
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w.wm_attributes("-type", "dialog")
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# --------------------------------------------------------------------
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# convenience dialogues
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class _QueryDialog(Dialog):
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def __init__(self, title, prompt,
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initialvalue=None,
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minvalue = None, maxvalue = None,
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parent = None):
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self.prompt = prompt
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self.minvalue = minvalue
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self.maxvalue = maxvalue
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self.initialvalue = initialvalue
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Dialog.__init__(self, parent, title)
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def destroy(self):
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self.entry = None
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Dialog.destroy(self)
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def body(self, master):
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w = Label(master, text=self.prompt, justify=LEFT)
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w.grid(row=0, padx=5, sticky=W)
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self.entry = Entry(master, name="entry")
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self.entry.grid(row=1, padx=5, sticky=W+E)
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if self.initialvalue is not None:
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self.entry.insert(0, self.initialvalue)
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self.entry.select_range(0, END)
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return self.entry
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def validate(self):
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try:
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result = self.getresult()
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except ValueError:
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messagebox.showwarning(
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"Illegal value",
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self.errormessage + "\nPlease try again",
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parent = self
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)
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return 0
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if self.minvalue is not None and result < self.minvalue:
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messagebox.showwarning(
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"Too small",
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"The allowed minimum value is %s. "
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"Please try again." % self.minvalue,
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parent = self
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)
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return 0
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if self.maxvalue is not None and result > self.maxvalue:
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messagebox.showwarning(
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"Too large",
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"The allowed maximum value is %s. "
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"Please try again." % self.maxvalue,
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parent = self
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)
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return 0
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self.result = result
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return 1
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class _QueryInteger(_QueryDialog):
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errormessage = "Not an integer."
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def getresult(self):
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return self.getint(self.entry.get())
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def askinteger(title, prompt, **kw):
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'''get an integer from the user
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Arguments:
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title -- the dialog title
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prompt -- the label text
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**kw -- see SimpleDialog class
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Return value is an integer
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'''
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d = _QueryInteger(title, prompt, **kw)
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return d.result
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class _QueryFloat(_QueryDialog):
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errormessage = "Not a floating point value."
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def getresult(self):
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return self.getdouble(self.entry.get())
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def askfloat(title, prompt, **kw):
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'''get a float from the user
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Arguments:
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title -- the dialog title
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prompt -- the label text
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**kw -- see SimpleDialog class
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Return value is a float
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'''
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d = _QueryFloat(title, prompt, **kw)
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return d.result
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class _QueryString(_QueryDialog):
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def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
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if "show" in kw:
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self.__show = kw["show"]
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del kw["show"]
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else:
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self.__show = None
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_QueryDialog.__init__(self, *args, **kw)
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def body(self, master):
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entry = _QueryDialog.body(self, master)
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if self.__show is not None:
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entry.configure(show=self.__show)
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return entry
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def getresult(self):
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return self.entry.get()
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def askstring(title, prompt, **kw):
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'''get a string from the user
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Arguments:
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title -- the dialog title
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prompt -- the label text
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**kw -- see SimpleDialog class
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Return value is a string
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'''
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d = _QueryString(title, prompt, **kw)
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return d.result
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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def test():
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root = Tk()
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def doit(root=root):
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d = SimpleDialog(root,
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text="This is a test dialog. "
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"Would this have been an actual dialog, "
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"the buttons below would have been glowing "
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"in soft pink light.\n"
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"Do you believe this?",
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buttons=["Yes", "No", "Cancel"],
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default=0,
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cancel=2,
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title="Test Dialog")
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print(d.go())
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print(askinteger("Spam", "Egg count", initialvalue=12*12))
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print(askfloat("Spam", "Egg weight\n(in tons)", minvalue=1,
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maxvalue=100))
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print(askstring("Spam", "Egg label"))
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t = Button(root, text='Test', command=doit)
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t.pack()
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q = Button(root, text='Quit', command=t.quit)
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q.pack()
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t.mainloop()
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test()
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